Anxiety

Anxiety is a common mental health concern in post-acute and long-term care (PALTC) settings, affecting a significant proportion of older adults. It is characterized by excessive worry or fear, which can interfere with daily activities, impair function, and reduce the quality of life.

Older adults with anxiety may present with symptoms such as restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbances. Anxiety can often coexist with other physical and mental health conditions like heart disease, diabetes, depression, and cognitive impairment, complicating its diagnosis and management.

Effective management of anxiety in PALTC settings requires a comprehensive, person-centered approach. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is considered the first-line treatment for anxiety disorders and can be very effective in helping older adults manage their symptoms. Other non-pharmacological interventions, such as mindfulness-based stress reduction and relaxation techniques, can also be beneficial.

When non-pharmacological interventions are not sufficient or not feasible, pharmacological treatments may be considered. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are often first-line medication choices. However, the benefits and risks of pharmacological treatments must be carefully considered, particularly in older adults who may be more susceptible to side effects.

Professionals in PALTC settings play a critical role in recognizing and managing anxiety in older adults. Regular training and access to resources on the latest evidence-based practices in anxiety management can be beneficial in providing the best possible care for this population.